But what does it mean in practice? Such individuals are used to working on their own terms and accomplishing tasks. 5. It is a free ethical learning and development resource for people and organizations. 2. increase in productivity regardless of physical conditions 3. a compressed workweek. Selena's work schedule is an example of: McGregor argued that the employees of an organization could be broadly classified into two groups. E. the equity theory. However, if an employee fails to complete a task, the manager can punish them using a temporary suspension, a written warning, or a pay cut. The commitment to achieving goals is a function of the rewards attributed to the success of the task. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: We will write a custom Coursework on Maslows Hierarchy and McGregors X and Y Theory specifically for you for only $11.00 $9.35/page. Jobs are more satisfying when employees are provided with greater perks. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. However, neither of these extremes is optimal. Introduction I decided to explore the concept of McGregor's X and Y theory, also known as Theory X and Theory Y, which was developed by Douglas McGregor in his 1960 book "The Human Side of . Your email address will not be published. B. work is as natural as play or rest. 4. However, McGregor asserts that neither approach is appropriate, since the basic assumptionsof Theory X are incorrect. C. Herzberg's hygiene factors. They failed to incite change. This enables them to modify their leadership style accordingly and create systems that motivate their workers. It takes into consideration, the pessimistic behaviour of an average human being, who is less ambitious and inherently lazy. Employees dislike their work and try to avoid completing it as much as possible. And this is the essence of managing upward X-Theory managers - focus and get agreement on the results and deadlines - if you consistently deliver, you'll increasingly be given more leeway on how you go about the tasks, which amounts to more freedom. Likely to increase overhead costs for business D. Herz berg's motivational factors. All of the following are benefits of this type of scheduling except it: Employees need to be involved in all aspects of company decision making to keep them motivated. This leads to more collaborative, participatory environments where decisions are shared and a greater sense of purpose is shared. Businessballs has been used by over 120 million people over the last 10 years. Lillian Gilbreth. 4. Disclaimer: Reliance on this material and any related provision is at your sole risk. Sadly these cookies aren't the yummy kind, but the kind that help improve your website experience. Herzberg's motivational factors. They believe that the following statements are true of workers: 1. Abraham Maslow. 5. flextime. On the other hand, managers who adopt Theory Y assumptions shape systems where trust in people is one of the central pillars. Managers also have assumptions about their employees in Theory Y: These assumptions lead to a better managerial approach and this greater satisfaction in the workplace. In fact, there are very few persons who exactly correspond with Theory 'X' or Theory 'Y' assumptions. Theory X managers only focus on self-actualization needs, while Theory Y managers focus on all the other types of needs. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated. All Rights Reserved. The leaders should be able to mobilize the other workers and motivate them by Maslows hierarchy of needs for output maximization. are not intrinsically motivated. The Theory X management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following: The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. Influencing such major management gurus such as Peter Drucker and Warren Bennis, McGregor's revolutionary Theory Y-which contends that individuals are self-motivated and self-directed-and Theory X-in which employees must be commanded and controlled-has been widely taught in business schools, industrial relations schools, psychology departments . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Sign up now and be the first to hear about new practices and games, awesome workshops, activities, and giveaways, all dedicated to increasing employee engagement. Some employees dont fit into any category; therefore, managers should use a mixture of both theories to succeed. Herzberg's hygiene factors. 3. security Theory Y. 5. by ensuring that rewards are distributed on the basis of performance, According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs do people strive to satisfy first? Douglas McGregor work is established in motivation theory. Each assumes that the manager's role is to organize resources, including people, to best benefit the company. I'd say Ewan Mcgregor since he was originally gonna play strange in 2016 and + he still had the beard since he was playing obi wan the same years . Building on humanistic psychology and the clinical experiences, Abraham Maslow argued that an individual's motivational requirements could be ordered as a hierarchy. Motivation occurs only at the physiological and security levels of Maslows hierarchy of needs. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. security needs In contrast to Theory Y, McGregor suggested that conventional managers assume that people are lazy (which he called Theory X), avoid responsibility, and need coercion and control. Identify what the employee lacks and their working style to employ the right theory that will motivate them in the right direction. . According to McGregor, managers adopting Theory X assume that workers generally dislike work and must be forced to do their jobs. 4. likely to increase overhead costs for businesses. And for the first 12 weeks after signing up, you'll receive each week a new step toward happiness at work with actions and experiments you can take to the office right away. 1. Identify which of McGregor's Theory X or Theory Y corresponds with the following statement: 1. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Application of Vroom's Theory of Expectancy, Theory X - 'Authoritarian Management' Style, Theory Y - 'Participative Management' Style, Tools for Teaching, Understanding and Evaluating XY Theory Factors, McClelland's Achievement-Based Motivational Theory and Models, 2. "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." 4. the traditional view of management. 2. Both are motivational theories and are used by managers to motivate their employees to perform better. (2022) 'Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory'. All of the following are ways to retain good employees except: 4. micromanaging employees. Theory Z was developed by William Ouchi, in his book 1981 'Theory Z: How American Business can meet the Japanese Challenge '. Motivation and Improving Workplace Performance, Motivational Model: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, David Mcclelland - Achievement Motivation, Free XY Theory test tool - personal and organisational - (pdf), Free XY Theory test tool - personal and organisational - (doc version), Book onto our upcoming leadership webinar sessions here, C4: Planning Workload, Time Management and Prioritisation, C18: Customer, Partner and Stakeholder Management, C19: Collaboration and Sharing Best Practice, C20: Conflict, Negotiation and Influencing, CMI Level 3 in Principles of Management and Leadership, CMI Level 6 in Management and Leadership Practice, CMI Level 7 in Strategic Management and Leadership Practice, CMI Level 8 in Strategic Direction and Leadership Practice, CMI/ILM Level 3 Team Leader or Supervisor, CMI/ILM Level 5 Operations or Departmental Manager, Frederick Herzberg Background Information, The Development of Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory. Douglas McGregor. Maslow believes that higher level needs can be met through a . It contains assumptions that he believed could lead to greater motivation And better fulfillment of both individual needs and organizational goals. He noted, though, that whether a manager could explicate his/her theory was unimportant, because a manager's theory (attitudes) could Using either theory is an extreme style of management. After employing a particular theory, monitor its performance. B. the humanistic view of management. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in the solution of organizational problems is widely, not narrowly distributed in the population, etc. McGregor recognized that some people may not have reached the level of maturity assumed by Theory Y and may initially need tighter controlsthat can be relaxed as the employee develops. The explanation: Its not just technology, business models, products, and services that evolve, but so do people. Students experience self-satisfaction when they learn and this is enough to motivate them to meet their learning goals. McGregor believed that a managers assumptions about their employees determined their leadership style in the workplace. 3. IvyPanda, 11 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Job enrichment 5. Both theories rest on the assumption that management is required to coordinate all aspects of the value delivery process to be productive. If team members perform well under control, an authoritative management style can be used. A)the traditional view of management.B)the humanistic view of management.C)Herzberg's hygiene factors.D)Herzberg's motivational factors.E)the equity theory. 5. salary. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A)the traditional view of management. 3. the equity theory. McGregor's work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of Abraham Maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. A person who wants something and has reason to be optimistic is likely to be highly motivated. 5. Reward systems must correspond to intrinsic factors if employees are to be motivated. Each of the viewpoints addresses a different way of meeting each individuals motivational needs. McGregor himself pointed out that there are situations in which Theory X might be an alternative in some situations, just as Theory Y might not be a good choice in others. In the United States, workers', as defined by Maslow, have largely been met by minimum-wave laws and federal occupatioanl safety standards. 1. recognition You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. McGregor's Theory X & Y describe divergent managerial beliefs about what motivated employees. The idea behind using letters X and Y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories. Traditional classrooms do not enable the potential of almost all students. The instructor must ensure a controlled learning environment to prevent cheating and necessitate student learning; the students prefer to have the material summarized for them. We utilize security vendors that protect and Perhaps the most noticeable aspects of McGregor's XY Theory - and the easiest to illustrate - are found in the behaviours of autocratic managers and organisations which use autocratic management styles. Theory X Workers are willing to accept challenges and are proud of the work that they do. Wash Sale Rule: Example and How to Avoid It? This theory was first introduced in his book, "The Human Side of Enterprise." It generally highlights two different management styles such as - Authoritarian (Theory X) Participative (Theory Y) It increases the workload for employees who take the option. 1. esteem needs Which of the following is a major difference between the Theory X and Theory Y views of management? 5. a system that allows employees to choose to work part of a week from home. 5. reduces the total number of hours that employees work. 3. McGregor's XY Theory remains central to organisational development, and to improving organisational culture. 2. flextime. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. Theory X and Theory Y suggest two aspects of human behavior at work. Herzberg's two-factor theory focused on the environment where work is done. 4. Managers have many assumptions about their employees in Theory X: Many of these assumptions are based on basic physical needs. Does the team not understand the work? 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