The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. The team is given a set of scaffolding components to assemble. b.Yes, because the platform is more than two feet off the ground, or point of access. Note: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds. What should you do before dismantling a scaffold? Ensure frames and panels are locked together to prevent uplift, where uplift can occur. 6 inches The end points of the cross bracing must be no more than 48 inches (1.3 meters) apart vertically. The platform gaps are too wide. Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. Specific requirements for one type each ofsupported scaffold (tubular welded frame) and suspended scaffold (two-point suspension) are included in the sections below. d.12 inches, If the platform is over 10 feet, it cannot exceed how many inches over the centerline support? answers again. Only the base coat gives the asphalt compressive strength.1. In its simplest form, a scaffold is any temporary elevated or suspended work surface used to support workers and/or materials. c.24 inches He notices that there have been several large spills of paint over them. Scaffold collapse The proper erection of a scaffold is essential in preventing this particular hazard. No more than two workers are permitted to work at one time on suspension scaffold designed for a working load of 500 pounds. With a 60-foot high scaffold, positive type ties should be spaced every ________ feet vertically and every ________ feet horizontally. 5.Use taglines if a load could swing and hit the scaffold. 2.Work at a lower level than they usually do. has not been allowed to accumulate on the platform. At all points of a scaffold where the platform changes direction, such as turning a corner, any platform that rests on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms which rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. All employees who perform work on a scaffold shall be trained annually to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. Sills shall be level and in full contact with the supporting surface. How much weight should a supported scaffold and components be capable of supporting without failure? Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. 2012-10-05T11:53:02-04:00 Check that scaffolds and scaffold components are capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. \text { Market } application/pdf 32 - 36 inches For erectors and dismantlers, determining the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection and access. 4. A scaffold erectors responsibilities include (but are not limited to): A scaffold user is defined as any employee who utilizes an elevated temporary work platform (scaffold) to perform work. Scaffolds must be plumb, level, and squared. a.2 to 1 He fell, sustaining a concussion for which he was hospitalized. Make sure cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. Counterweights shall be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. 4. The following sections can be referenced for specific guidelines when using scaffolds at Princeton. Before erecting the scaffold, a number of factors must be accounted for. \text { Product } \\ 2. 5.Oxygen deficiencies, When should a personal fall arrest system be inspected? Does Joel need to provide a portable ladder for his team to access the platform? d.Hearing protection. 12. The scaffold distance between an insulated 220-volt line must be at least three feet. Even if they are "in the way," braces should not be removed while work is being performed on a scaffold! In such cases, verify that the platforms are as wide as feasible, and fall protection is provided. Ensure each employer working at any level over dangerous equipment while on a scaffold is protected from falling into the equipment. Ensure scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not allowed to be modified to make them fit together, unless a competent person determines that the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. All scaffolds and their components must support without failure its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to the scaffold. The use of repaired wire rope is prohibited. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Make sure wooden planking is covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. Per 1926.451 (g) (1), each employee on a scaffold more than 10-feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level (also note American National Safety Institute/American Society of Safety Professionals (ANSI/ASSP) - Scaffolding Safety Requirements A10.8-2019 standard). The competent person shall be trained in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and responsible for: Qualified persons shall be responsible for: No University employee shall design scaffolding. The team has been unable to work on the project due to heavy rain over the last two days. Cross bracing is not acceptable as an entire guardrail system but is acceptable for a toprail when the crossing point of the two braces is between 38 inches (0.9 meters) and 48 inches (1.3 meters) above the work platform and for midrails when between 20 inches (0.5 meters) and 30 inches (0.8 meters) above the work platform. 2.A plank clip All planking or platforms must be overlapped a minimum of twelve (12) inches and secured from movement. Directing employees who erect, dismantle, move or alter scaffolding; Determining if it is safe for employees to work from a scaffold during storms or high winds, and ensure that a personal fall arrest system is in place; Training employees involved in erecting, disassembling, moving, operating, repairing, maintaining, or inspecting scaffolding to recognize associated work hazards; Inspecting scaffolds and scaffold components for visible defects before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect the structural integrity, and to authorize prompt corrective action; Inspecting ropes on suspended scaffolds prior to each work shift and after every occurrence which could affect the structural integrity, and to authorize prompt corrective actions; For suspension scaffolds evaluating direct connections to support the load to be imposed; and. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Because frame scaffolds are the most common type of supported scaffold, this course uses the Fabricated Frame Scaffold to describe requirements that are common to all supported scaffolds. 3.Check that no structural alterations were made. Determine if fall protection is feasible during the erecting process. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Contacting EHS if there is a concern regarding the erection of the scaffold. Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds shall be made of materials that cannot be easily dislocated. Providing a scaffold to the user that is free from recognizable and preventable hazards (i.e. In its simplest form, a scaffold is any temporary elevated or suspended work surface used to support workers and/or materials. Make sure frames and panels are connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. The use of shore scaffolds and lean-to-scaffolds is strictly prohibited. Check that steps and rungs of ladders and stairway-type ladders line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. When employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches or less from the front edge. 3. d.28 inchesa, When ladders are used on a supported scaffold that is taller than 35 feet, then rest platforms must be available at intervals no greater than: Standard guardrails (e.g., handrail and midrail) and toeboards must be provided for all open sides of the scaffolding that are ten (10) feet or more above the surrounding surfaces. Refresher training also to be provided whenever there is an indication that the individual in question, whether they be a competent person, erector, user, or qualified person, exhibits a lack of understanding of the manufacturer, local, state, and federal requirements associated with the inspection, erection, or use of scaffolds. He suffered Utilizing a scaffold on the Princeton University Campus for any reason requires specific involvement with several types of trained individuals. It is generally applied as a thin coat over a base coat and takes several days to achieve its designed strength. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surfaces. 1926.451(e)(9) & (g) Verify that, when moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform are left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. Two feet What should you do before dismantling a scaffold? Select the correct answer and then click DONE. \hline \text { Television } & \text { Blackberry } & \begin{array}{l} F: 773.702.6546 The standard requires employers to protect each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling to that lower level. The end points of the cross bracing must be no more than 48 inches (1.3 meters) apart vertically. For the current year, is Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio better or worse than (a) Apples and After clicking the button, the questions you missed will be listed below. He fell 16 feet to the ground, sustaining facial fractures and other injuries. and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Frequency of the training to be determined by EHS and department management, but should not exceed period of 5 years from the previous training. Base plates or screw jacks shall be in firm contact with both the sills and the legs of the scaffolding. Poor foundation: Scaffold end frames, which have no base plate, are erected on top of scrap wood and unstable cement blocks. d.24 inches, On high scaffolds, all planks should be secured by being tied down with: At a minimum, daily inspection and documentation of the condition of the scaffold and its ability to be occupied safely. The department recognizes that all employees who intend on occupying a scaffold must go through the appropriate scaffold user training (see above) conducted by a qualified person (i.e. Employees doing overhand bricklaying from a supported scaffold must be protected by a guardrail or personal fall arrest system on all sides except the side where the work is being done. An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. a.Two times 3.String Personal fall-arrest systems used on scaffolds should be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. Platforms shall be entirely planked and decked with space not more than one inch wide between the platforms and uprights; The platform shall not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded; All platforms shall be kept clear of debris or other obstructions that may hinder the working clearance on the platform; Wood planks shall be inspected to see that they are graded for scaffold use, are sound and in good condition, straight grained, free from saw cuts, splits and holes; Platforms and walkways shall be at least 18 inches in width. a.Steel-toed boots Employees doing overhand bricklaying from a supported scaffold must be protected by a guardrail or personal fall arrest system on all sides except the side where the work is being done. Only authorized scaffold erectors can erect scaffolds on campus. Scaffolds are never as safe as the foundations they are built on. 1926.451(e . Inspections of scaffolds after changes / alterations have been made. What must ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels be equipped with? a.2 feet a. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. You must cordon off the area prior to erecting or dismantling scaffolds above: 1.People When horizontal lifelines are used, make sure they are being secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold. Single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds. Sand, gravel, masonry units, rolls of roofing felt, and other such materials shall not be used as counterweights. The periodicity of this training to be determined by EHS and the departments management, but should not exceed a period of 5 years from the previous training. Compacted Soils & Then Frozen - Compacted soils, as with all soils, swell and heave due to moisture content or water contained within the soil. Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. Requirements for Access to Scaffolds. \end{array} In order to be safe, which two options can Laura's team choose from to continue work? Therefore, employers are required to provide safe scaffold access. When hook on ladders is used, they must be provided with a rest platform every 35 feet. All scaffolds more than six feet above the lower level shall protect employees with guardrails on each open side of the scaffold. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end support at least six (6) inches but no more than twelve (12) inches. c.Anyone The most frequent fall-from-elevation accident is a fall off ladders. Acrobat Distiller 7.0.5 (Windows) Select the correct answer and then click DONE. unstable objects are not used to support scaffolds or platform units. Note: A level should be used during assembly to make sure new structural components remain in line. To protect against falling objects, screens must be installed between the toeboard and midrail if anyone is required to pass under the scaffolding. Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. Make sure each platform is fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports. b.Incompetent person The department shall maintain a list of all employees within the department who have been authorized (through both training and experience) as scaffold erectors; and provide notice to the employees who have been deemed to be authorized erectors. Check that direct access to or from another surface is permitted only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surface. Read the material in each section to find the correct answer to each quiz question. Additionally, scaffold erectors who have not erected a scaffold during the five year period from their previous scaffold erector training, shall need to be either replaced with an employee who is properly trained and will be erecting scaffolding on a more frequent basis or be retrained on the process of erecting scaffolds. Ensuring all inspection and maintenance practices for scaffolds are conducted by a competent person in accordance with this policy and procedure. Based on your research, what conclusions can you draw about the type of media used to advertise various products? \end{array} \\ The team cannot wait any longer for the weather to clear. Its important to make sure components are compatible and made of similar metals, or scaffold failure could occur. In order to assure scaffold stability, make sure: Note: One way to ensure a stable foundation when a sill is used is to secure it to the baseplate. 1.Store materials away from the edge. Manila or synthetic rope used for midrails must be inspected to ensure that the rope meets the strength requirement. d.Five times, Which would provide a more stable foundation? [29 CFR 1926.451 (e) (1)] Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other . Before erecting a scaffold, the first step is to: a.Perform a site evaluation. There are many types of scaffolds, both supported and suspended. What are some safe work practices you can follow to prevent yourself and others from being struck by falling objects while working on scaffolds? Scaffold Roles and Responsibilites Section. The department also to provide competent person with document indicating that they are competent persons representing their respective departments and shall agree to uphold all local, state, and federal rules and regulations as they relate to scaffolding. Crossbraces must not be used as a means of access. Specific requirements are described below. a.1/2 inch It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. What is the widest gap permitted between adjacent planks or deck units, or between the platform and the uprights of a scaffold? The work area for each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 centimeters) wide. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. When the work area is less than 18 inches wide. \text { Advertised } Its important to make sure all bracing on a scaffold has been properly constructed to make sure the scaffold does not collapse. Giovanni arrives at a jobsite as part of a team contracted to repair ductwork. c.Four times Is it safe for Giovanni and his team to use the scaffolding? A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. -Make sure it was erected properly -Check that no structural alterations were made -Replace any missing ties or braces 1. A competent person is an employee who is capable of identifying existing or predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate these hazards. Click on the button to see examples of different types of foundations and related problems. No University employee shall erect scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet. Direct . . Make sure the planks are not allowed. Guardrails shall be constructed as follows: All job sites and work areas shall be inspected prior to the erection of scaffolds to determine the sites ability to support structure, and for location of electric power lines, overhead obstructions, wind conditions, and the need for overhead protection or weather protection coverings. b.Use the scaffolding as is. When vertical lifelines are used, check to ensure they are fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, independent of the scaffold, and are protected from sharp edges and abrasion. a.Begin to erect the scaffolding. When erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds, a safe means of access shall be provided when a competent person has determined the feasibility and analyzed the site conditions. Notifying the competent person of any safety concerns associated with the erection, conditions, use, and / or maintenance of the scaffold. Damaged or deteriorated equipment shall not be used. Stair treads must be of slip-resistant design. Using wire to connect bracing is not safe. Ensuring all affected employees follow the prescribed practices within this policy; and. Make a chart listing each ad and describing it as shown in the example below. a.18 inches He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. A qualified person must design all scaffolding in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1926.451 "General Requirements for Scaffolds" and 29 CFR 1926.452 "Additional Requirements Applicable to Specific Types of Scaffolds". Direct access from another surface is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surfaces. Scaffold platforms above one section high must be provided with safe access. This scaffold has no guardrails and is not fully planked. \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} Any damaged or weakened component of a scaffold must be repaired or replaced immediately. Make sure no ramp or walkway inclines more than 1:3 (1 vertical to 3 horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). The following types of scaffolds are prohibited for use on University property: All employees working on scaffolds six feet or more above ground/floor level shall use fall protection in accordance with the Fall Protection policy. \text { to school } A scaffold users responsibilities include (but are not limited to): Scaffold planning, erection, and use require different levels of training. Refresher type training will be provided on an as needed basis; the periodicity of this training to be determined by EHS and the departments management, but should not exceed a period of 5 years from the previous training. A competent person is one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are hazardous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. c.6 feet Manila or synthetic rope used for top rails must be inspected to ensure that the rope meets the strength requirement. c.13, 15 All scaffolding to be used on University property shall be tubular scaffolding designed by manufacturers approved by Underwriters Laboratory (UL) and/or OSHA and be in a ready-to-assemble state. When it is infeasible to provide a work area at least18 inches (46 centimeters) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must still be used. are positioned so that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level; have rest platforms at maximum vertical intervals of 12 feet; have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except for mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders, which must have a minimum step width of 11 inches; and, have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings.
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