Must not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches, unless each employee uses. At least three and one-half inches (9 cm) high from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking/working surface. Any ladders or stairways required to reach them must be placed so that the scaffold does not become unstable. Must be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. Sound anchorages do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. Must have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings. Provide scaffold platforms more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access with at least one of the following means of access: Portable, hook-on, or attachable ladder Stairway-type ladder Ladder stand Stair tower (scaffold stairway or tower) Ramp Walkway Integral prefabricated scaffold access When midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform. The manufacturer must approve any alterations to the stilts. Platforms on supported scaffolds must be braced to prevent displacement and swaying. Where there is a danger of tools, materials, or equipment falling from a scaffold and striking employees below, the following provisions apply: The area below the scaffold to which objects can fall shall be barricaded, and employees shall not be permitted to enter the hazard area; or. Here are the scaffold guardrail [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. [29 CFR 1926.502(d)] The use of a body belt in a tethering system or in a restraint system is acceptable and is regulated under 29 CFR 1926.502(e). [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. Counterweights shall be made of non-flowable material. Effective September 2, 1997, access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds shall be in accordance with the following: The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. This basically means that the ladder rungs should have sufficient clear space behind them to allow a foot or hand to make sufficient purchase on the rung. c) Added guidance for assessing base soil conditions. What are scaffold platform construction requirements? For example: A scaffold erected [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(5)], The stall load is the load at which the prime-mover (motor or engine) of a power-operated hoist stalls or the power to the prime-mover is automatically disconnected. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. Direct access to or from another surface shall only be used when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and 24 inches vertically from the other surface. Must have uniform tread depth, within inch, for each flight of stairs. Counterweights shall not be removed from an outrigger beam until the scaffold is disassembled. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(13)], The stall load of any scaffold hoist must not exceed three times its rated load. Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(i) and 29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(ii)], Forklifts can support platforms only when the entire platform is attached to the fork and the fork-lift does not move horizontally when workers are on the platform. Are guardrails required on all open sides of scaffolding? Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(1)], Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(16)], Manually operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested an listed by a qualified testing laboratory. WebAccess points may be designed for access or be opportunistic. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1 1/2 inch (2 x 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, paneling or screening extending from the toeboard or platform to the top of the guardrail shall be erected for a distance sufficient to protect employees below; or, A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to prevent passage of potential falling objects; or. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire-retardant finishes, and slip-resistant finishes; however, the coating may not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY The systems optimum design offers a high load rating and extreme rigidity, keeping your workers secure and productive. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. What are the clearance distance between scaffolds and power lines? Heat damage caused by a torch or any damage caused by contact with electrical wires. Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. The scaffold needs to be secure and otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form of access. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(10)], Suspension ropes must be shielded from heat-producing processes. Riser height shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, (0.6 cm) for each flight of stairs. The top edge height of toprails or equivalent member on supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service after January 1, 2000 shall be installed between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m) above the platform surface. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)(i)], Use fall-arrest systems also when working from the boom/basket of an aerial lift. Web(1) When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, However, OSHA permits direct access from another scaffold, structure, or personnel hoist. Ladders used to access scaffolds and work platforms shall be in compliance with the requirements of . Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. an insulating material covers the suspension wire rope and extends at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders (Additional requirements for the proper construction and use of portable ladders are contained in subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders): Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders shall be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold; Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; When hook-on and attachable ladders are used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet (10.7 m) high, they shall have rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals. Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Personal fall-arrest system, or a guardrail system, or a inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board, Both a personal fall-arrest system and a guardrail system, Single-point and two-point suspension scaffolds, Personal fall-arrest system or guardrail system, Personal fall-arrest system or guardrail systems that meet the required criteria, Scaffolding : General Requirements for Scaffolds, When the front end of all platforms are less than 14 inches (36 cm) from the face of the work. Suspension scaffold hoists and non-walk-through stirrups may be used as end guardrails, if the space between the hoist or stirrup and the side guardrail or structure does not allow passage of an employee to the end of the scaffold. Makeshift devices, such as but not limited to boxes and barrels, shall not be used on top of scaffold platforms to increase the working level height of employees. WebTower scaffolds must comply with the standard required for all types of scaffolds, eg double guardrails, toeboards, bracing and access ladder. the tail line is guided, retained, or both, so that it does not become grounded. All suspension scaffold support devices, such as outrigger beams, cornice hooks, parapet clamps, and similar devices, shall rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least 4 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold operating at the rated load of the hoist (or at least 1.5 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater). Our Office Location. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(15)], An automatic braking and locking device, in addition to the operating brake, must engage when a hoist makes instantaneous change in momentum or an accelerated overspeed. Hook-on or attachable ladders shall be installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to a point that permits safe installation and use. Must be at least 18 inches wide between stair-rails, and have a landing platform at least 18 inches wide by at least 18 inches long at each level. this Section and Section 24.B. The second part is sufficient clearance. Kinks that might impair the tracking or wrapping of rope around the drum(s) or sheave(s). [, Employers must ensure that all employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used. Handrails, and top-rails used as handrails, must be at least 3 inches from other objects. When erecting or dismantling tubular welded frame scaffolds, (end) frames, with horizontal members that are parallel, level and are not more than 22 inches apart vertically may be used as climbing devices for access, provided they are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Does a scaffold meet the requirements of 1926.502 (d) (15)? High Quality Steel [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. When are both fall-arrest and guardrail systems required? Where do tiebacks for outrigger beams, cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices need to be secured? Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. "Access." When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. How to reduce the risk of injury when using bakers scaffolds Excess suspension wire rope and any additional independent lines from grounding shall be insulated; The suspension wire rope shall be covered with insulating material extending at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. Handrails, and toprails that serve as handrails, shall provide an adequate handhold for employees grasping them to avoid falling. [29 CFR 1926.451 (b) (2)] When an outrigger beam is used, the shackle or clevis with which the rope is attached to the outrigger beam shall be placed directly over the center line of the stirrup. [, All suspension scaffolds must be tied or otherwise secured to prevent them from swaying, as determined by a competent person. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)], Shore and lean-to scaffolds are strictly prohibited. Toeboards shall be securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform and have not more than 1/4 inch (0.7 cm) clearance above the walking/working surface. Wondering about scaffold guardrail height requirements? 10 OSHA Scaffolding Requirements 1. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(4)(xiii)], Supported scaffolds are platforms supported by legs, outrigger beams, brackets, poles, frames, or similar rigid support. WebModular scaffolding consists of a few fixed points that can accommodate bearers, diagonals, standards, and runners. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Must have a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? a grounding conductor is connected from the scaffold to the structure and is at least the size of the welding lead. When do supported scaffolds need to be restrained from tipping? Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. [, A competent person must inspect ropes for defects prior to each workshift and after every occurrence that could affect a rope's integrity. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. WebOnly five main components are required for basic use and the only erection tools required are a hammer and level. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(x)]. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c)]. In the general industry, the height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level. For construction work, the height requirement is 6 feet above a lower level. All workers 10 feet above a lower level must have fall protection. Thereof, what is the minimum height for working at height? The Work at Height Regulations 2005 protect [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(1)], Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surfaces. Two-point and multi-point suspension scaffolds shall be tied or otherwise secured to prevent them from swaying, as determined to be necessary based on an evaluation by a competent person. The scaffolding standard prohibits the Suspension scaffold outrigger beams, when used, shall be made of structural metal or equivalent strength material, and shall be restrained to prevent movement. [29 CFR 1926.452(y)], NOTE: A large area scaffold consists of a pole, tube, and coupler systems, or a fabricated frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area. An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. Planking or Decking The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured and placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 inches (0.9 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m). 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